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Friday, September 25, 2009


Tomb of Muhammad Iqbal
Mausoleum with Badshahi Mosque in the background
(Urdu: مزار اقبال ; Mazaar-e-Iqbal)
Building
Type
Mausoleum
Architectural style
Mughal
Location
Lahore, Pakistan
Design team
Architect
Nawab Zain Yar Jang Bahadur
The Tomb of Allama Muhammad Iqbal is a simple but impressive structure located in Lahore, Pakistan in the Hazuri Bagh lawn between the Badshahi Mosque and the Lahore Fort where both the grand structures (the Mosque and the Fort) face each other. Official guard is maintained by Pakistan Rangers. The architecture reflects a combination of Afghan and Moorish styles and is entirely constructed of red sandstone.Hundreds of visitors come to the mausoleum every day to pay their respects to the poet-philosopher.
He was one of the major inspirations behind the Pakistan Movement, and is revered in Pakistan as Muffakir-e-Pakistan (The Thinker of Pakistan) or Shair-e-Mashriq (The Poet of the East).Iqbal died on April 21, 1938 in Lahore at the age of 60. Since the independence of Pakistan, an academy named after him (Iqbal Academy) has been established to promote and disseminate his poetical and philosophical messages and teachings. As another tribute, the recently renovated Lahore airport has also been named after him as Allama Iqbal International Airport.

Structure
The rectangular structure of the mausoleum has two gates at the eastern and southern side respectively, inlaid with marble. The grave is built of white marble. The tombstone is made of lapis lazuli and inscribed with Quranic verses in calligraphy. The tombstone was a gift from the people of Afghanistan. On the inside walls, six couplets of a ghazal are carved from Iqbal's peotical work Zabur-e-Ajam (Persian Psalms). Outside, there is a small garden, distributed into small plots. The mausoleum was designed by Hyderabad Deccan’s then Chief Architect, Nawab Zain Yar Jang Bahadur and took thirteen years to build at a cost of about one hundred thousand (Rs.100,000) Pakistani rupees. The major reason for delay was the stoppage of red-stone from Jaipur in post-independence India.

Design and construction


Design and construction
Soon after Iqbal’s death in April 1938, a committee was formed that was presided over by Chaudhary Mohammed Hussain. The initial round of the designs submitted by distinguished architects was not satisfactory. The committee suggested to innovate a new combination rather than following a specific school of architecture. The final design, thus, broke away from Mughal tradition and comprised a combination of Afghan and Moorish architecture

Data Darbar

Data Durbar
Data Durbar is the tomb of Hazrat Syed Abul Hassan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Hajweri, the famous Persian Sufi saint, where hundreds of thousands of people come each year to pay their respects and to say their prayers. It is located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The large complex also includes Jamia Hajveria, or Hajveri Mosque.

DATA DARBAR


DATA DARBAR
Shrine of the mystic, Hazrat Data Ganj Bakhsh - Bestower of Favours - the patron saint of Lahore , arriving in the city from Afghanistan in 1039 AD. Every day thousands of people make their devotions at the tomb.

FM-101 NETWORK
Islamabad
Faisalabad
Hyderabad
Quetta
Lahore
Karachi
Sialkot
Peshawar
REGULAR FM NETWORK
Sargodha
Mianwali
Bannu
Mithi
Gawadar
Kohat

Video has not quite killed the radio star. Not even private cable television has managed to do that. In fact in Pakistan, new radio stars are cropping up daily, thanks to the FM boom. Radio always had a far greater reach than television in this country, But the surge in FM stations has contributed to a new revival, with over 80 such stations holding licenses. Everyone seems to want to get in on the act: as many as 171 private sector companies applied for licenses in the first half of this year. In May, PEMRA (Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority) invited 82 to a bidding in Islamabad, where 32 licenses (in addition to the existing 50) were granted. There were biddings from around the country , Karachi, Peshawar, Hyderabad, Quetta, Faisalabad, Raiwind, Sadiqabad, Gujar Khan, Bhurban, Toba Tek Singh, Dadu, Kalar Kahar, and DI Khan. Most FM stations just dish out 'ear candy' - easy listening, music hits, recipes, chit chat... including callers (and their driver, cook, and neighbor) ringing up to make inane conversation. Just more commercialization and encouragement of 'the burger culture', right? Maybe, but only to an extent. FM is also providing valuable information through talk shows by experts on legal, psychological and health matters

Efforts to introduce a more professional, journalistic element to FM will also make an impact. Peshawar University's Journalism department has developed the country's first university-based community radio station and broadcast journalism curriculum, helped by the international media-training organization Inter news. Inter news also trained women journalists through the women and media NGO Uks, which produced a syndicated radio series called "Meri Awaz Suno" ("Hear My Voice"), focusing on issues such as health and education
FM transmitter (personal device)

Belkin TuneCast transmitter, for use with any device which has a 3.5mm headphone jack. Frequency range is 88.1 - 88.3 - 88.5 - 88.7 MHz

Belkin TuneCastII FM Transmitter with a modified antenna connected to a fifth generation iPod video.
This article is concerned with low powered transmitters used in some countries for interfacing personal audio devices "FM transmitter" can also refer to high powered broadcast equipment used by pirate radio and licensed broadcast stations
An FM transmitter is a portable device that plugs into the headphone jack or proprietary output port of a portable audio or video device, such as a portable media player, CD player, or satellite radio system. The sound is then broadcast through the transmitter, and plays through an FM broadcast band frequency. Purposes for an FM transmitter include playing music from a device through a car stereo, or any radio.
The FM-transmitter plugs into the audio output of audio devices and converts the audio output into an FM radio signal, which can then be picked up by appliances such as car or portable radios. Most devices on the market typically have a short range of up to 30 feet (9 meters) with any average radio (up to about 75 feet (23 meters) with a very good radio under perfect conditions) and can broadcast on any FM frequency from 76.0 to 108.0 MHz (or 88.1 to 107.9 in the US). Some lower-cost transmitters are hard-wired to the 87.7-91.9 MHz band allocated to educational broadcasts in the United States, or a certain other smaller range of frequencies.
FM transmitters are usually battery driven, but some use the cigarette lighter socket in cars, or draw their power from the device itself. They are typically used with portable audio devices such as CD or MP3 players, but are also used to broadcast other outputs (such as that from a computer sound card) throughout a home or other building.